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未声明 XML 签名元素

C#/.NET问题
2022-01-01

XML Signature element is not declared(未声明 XML 签名元素)

本文介绍了未声明 XML 签名元素的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！

问题描述

我使用 Visual StudioXML 工具创建了 XSD.我使用以下 C# 代码来验证 XML 并遇到此错误.

错误

<块引用>

元素未声明'

即使我将 XSD 引用到本地文件，它也不起作用.我看到了同样的错误.

 <xs:import namespace="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#" schemaLocation="http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/REC-xmldsig-core-20020212 file:///C:/Temp/xmldsig-core-schema.xsd"/>

更新 #2

即使我使用这种方法也没有乐趣.

 public static bool IsValidXml1(string xmlFilePath, string xsdFilePath, string namespaceName){XDocument xdoc = null;var settings = new XmlReaderSettings();settings.DtdProcessing = DtdProcessing.Ignore;settings.ProhibitDtd = false;尝试{使用 (XmlReader xr = XmlReader.Create(xmlFilePath, settings)){xdoc = XDocument.Load(xr);var schemas = new XmlSchemaSet();schemas.Add(namespaceName, xsdFilePath);schemas.Add(@"http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#", @"D:Tempxmldsig-core-schema.xsd");xdoc.Validate(模式，空)；返回真；}}捕获(XmlSchemaValidationException 前){//扔;}返回假；}

解决方案

如果您不想将任何内容更改为 xsd 或 xml - 请执行以下操作:

  1. (可选)从 w3 站点 并保存到本地磁盘.W3 站点非常慢，因为全球许多软件不断请求这些模式.如果您将直接使用该 xsd - 您通常会因超时而失败.一些验证工具已经在本地缓存了此类架构，但没有 .NET 验证器.

  2. 通过以下方式从 UPDATE 2 修改您的验证方法:

    public static bool IsValidXml1(string xmlFilePath, string xsdFilePath, string namespaceName){XDocument xdoc = null;var settings = new XmlReaderSettings();settings.DtdProcessing = DtdProcessing.Ignore;尝试{使用 (XmlReader xr = XmlReader.Create(xmlFilePath, settings)){xdoc = XDocument.Load(xr);var schemas = new XmlSchemaSet();schemas.Add(namespaceName, xsdFilePath);使用 (var fs = File.OpenRead(@"D:Tempxmldsig-core-schema.xsd"))使用 (var reader = XmlReader.Create(fs, new XmlReaderSettings() {DtdProcessing = DtdProcessing.Ignore//重要})) {schemas.Add(@"http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#", reader);}xdoc.Validate(模式，空)；返回真；}}捕获(XmlSchemaValidationException 前){//扔;}返回假；}

您必须使用 XmlReader 而不是直接添加该架构，因为如果您直接添加(如在更新 2 中) - 它将无法解析 DTD 块，因为当您添加 XmlSchema 到 XmlSchemaSet 使用 url(或文件路径) - 它将使用 XmlReaderSettings 和 DtdProcessing = DtdProcessing.Prohibit 读取该文件.我们需要将其更改为 DtdProcessing.Ignore 或 DtdProcessing.Parse.之后，您的验证方法将适用于目标 xsd 和 xml 文件，无需任何更改(如果 xml 与 xsd 不匹配，则会正确失败).

I created XSD using Visual StudioXML Tools. And I use following C# code to validate XML and facing this error.

Error

The element is not declared 'http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#:Signature'.

So my question is how to fix it because in edit mode XML is valid 100%?

Thank you!

C#

  private void buttonValidateXML_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {            
                bool result = IsValidXml2(textBoxSignedXML.Text, textBoxXSDFile.Text, "");
                rtbValidationResult.Text = result.ToString();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                rtbValidationResult.Text = ex.Message;
            }
        }

public static bool IsValidXml2(string xmlFilePath, string xsdFilePath, string namespaceName)
        {
            var xdoc = XDocument.Load(xmlFilePath);
            var schemas = new XmlSchemaSet();
            schemas.Add(namespaceName, xsdFilePath);

            bool result = true;
            xdoc.Validate(schemas, (sender, e) =>
            {
                result = false;
            });

            return result;
        }

XML

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Envelope version="1">
  <Deposit>
    <ClientId>1234567890123</ClientId>
    <Account>0045678</Account>
    <Currency>USD</Currency>
    <Total>5000.00</Total>
    <SignedDate>2016-02-15</SignedDate>     
    <Cheques>
      <Cheque>
        <Images>
          <Front>
            SUkqAAgAAAAPAP4ABAABAAAAAAAAAAABBAABAAAAfQUAAAEBBAABAAAAWgIAAAIBAwABAAAAAQAA
            AAMBAwABAAAABAAAAAYBAwABAAAAAAAAAA4BAgAhAAAA0AAAABEBBAABAAAAAAIAABIBAwABAAAA
            AQAAABUBAwABAAAAAQAAABYBBAABAAAAWgIAABcBBAABAAAAvi8AABoBBQABAAAAAAEAABsBBQAB
            EdF0fRG0R0YRdH2R2XzaI6OxRQAQAQA=
          </Front>
          <Back>
            SUkqAAgAAAAOAP4ABAABAAAAAAAAAAABBAABAAAAgQUAAAEBBAABAAAAVAIAAAIBAwABAAAAAQAA
            AAMBAwABAAAABAAAAAYBAwABAAAAAAAAABEBBAABAAAAAAEAABIBAwABAAAAAQAAABUBAwABAAAA
            AQAAABYBBAABAAAAVAIAABcBBAABAAAAcggAABoBBQABAAAAwAAAABsBBQABAAAA0AAAACgBAwAB
            AAAAAgAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAyAAAAAEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAMgAAAABAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
            AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAP//LZCdO1f7iRrKXTqt//pePx///9lNoL487Ajh
            jFyzUrtwg+6gg9VmvCIWA42XMwziSUEEw7GoIcSUWZ3Y0oKmGR3LToGVC2LhkK6H4sorQNRUMLjH
            LTGzlpv3RFCcH4NLB9hvLTmD8tMgOsG+WVaR5AweTcEWMMfaDQxDIx5NwVQx8OMPeGFHLSUlLcSS
            1JtNV/9/rrffuO+h9bx////kfvABABAA
          </Back>
        </Images>
        <MicrCodeCmc>123456789012345678901234567890</MicrCodeCmc>
        <Amount>465.22</Amount>
        <PaymentDate>2016-02-15</PaymentDate>
        <EmissionDate>2016-02-15</EmissionDate>
      </Cheque>
      <Cheque>
        <Images>
          <Front>
            SUkqAAgAAAAPAP4ABAABAAAAAAAAAAABBAABAAAAfQUAAAEBBAABAAAAWgIAAAIBAwABAAAAAQAA
            AAMBAwABAAAABAAAAAYBAwABAAAAAAAAAA4BAgAhAAAA0AAAABEBBAABAAAAAAIAABIBAwABAAAA
            AQAAABUBAwABAAAAAQAAABYBBAABAAAAWgIAABcBBAABAAAAvi8AABoBBQABAAAAAAEAABsBBQAB
            EdF0fRG0R0YRdH2R2XzaI6OxRQAQAQA=
          </Front>
          <Back>
            SUkqAAgAAAAOAP4ABAABAAAAAAAAAAABBAABAAAAgQUAAAEBBAABAAAAVAIAAAIBAwABAAAAAQAA
            AAMBAwABAAAABAAAAAYBAwABAAAAAAAAABEBBAABAAAAAAEAABIBAwABAAAAAQAAABUBAwABAAAA
            AQAAABYBBAABAAAAVAIAABcBBAABAAAAcggAABoBBQABAAAAwAAAABsBBQABAAAA0AAAACgBAwAB
            AAAAAgAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAyAAAAAEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAMgAAAABAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
            AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAP//LZCdO1f7iRrKXTqt//pePx///9lNoL487Ajh
            jFyzUrtwg+6gg9VmvCIWA42XMwziSUEEw7GoIcSUWZ3Y0oKmGR3LToGVC2LhkK6H4sorQNRUMLjH
            LTGzlpv3RFCcH4NLB9hvLTmD8tMgOsG+WVaR5AweTcEWMMfaDQxDIx5NwVQx8OMPeGFHLSUlLcSS
            1JtNV/9/rrffuO+h9bx////kfvABABAA
          </Back>
        </Images>
        <MicrCodeCmc>123456789012345678901234567890</MicrCodeCmc>
        <Amount>99999999999</Amount>
        <PaymentDate>2016-02-15</PaymentDate>
        <EmissionDate>2016-02-15</EmissionDate>
      </Cheque>
    </Cheques>
  </Deposit>   
  <Signature xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#">
    <SignedInfo>
      <CanonicalizationMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xml-c14n-20010315" />
      <SignatureMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#rsa-sha1" />
      <Reference URI="">
        <Transforms>
          <Transform Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#enveloped-signature" />
        </Transforms>
        <DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1" />
        <DigestValue>TVO2Gssf5TUdXFYG/PrHDyqYFqs=</DigestValue>
      </Reference>
    </SignedInfo>
    <SignatureValue>KwQInN03ywa0u0t4HedxgE1fOU7XYLQScKuQ6vdYoIZME5Hm5jpFeX2ORA2U+BO7JNjmFilTW05VntS3k98YCZhNXH9Iw/YEC1nw4JJLzygYbbCftkiY5v5+b494mQPryCtscwTtbziW6QilILSFDGmco2JopRfVe+qfdN/JyB1HXhUfApyNEsw/cJLj6aaz5ivN1sLFgAlikbwCNpF+mRnZY5u7/S8uT8WhEyK32EcatdjzKbP0PwnIlumhOpUMerWeLZ7neuJq6R/IuFgZ1Y5U6ppyuOjhtiHp4glC/uNUS/y7jMzG29thWBkEtSE9AcEt2IZ0HOEZE3kdFXufjA==</SignatureValue>
  </Signature>
</Envelope>

XSD

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<xs:schema attributeFormDefault="unqualified" elementFormDefault="qualified" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
           xmlns:tns="http://example.com/ct-required"
           xmlns:xmime="http://www.w3.org/2005/05/xmlmime" >

  <xs:import namespace="http://www.w3.org/2005/05/xmlmime"
            schemaLocation="http://www.w3.org/2005/05/xmlmime"/>

    <xs:import namespace="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#" schemaLocation="xmldsig-core-schema.xsd"/>

  <xs:simpleType name="PNGPictureType"
          xmime:expectedContentTypes="image/png">
    <xs:restriction base="xs:base64Binary"/>
  </xs:simpleType>

  <xs:simpleType name="Money">
    <xs:restriction base="xs:decimal">
      <xs:totalDigits value="13" />
      <xs:fractionDigits value="2" />
      <xs:minInclusive value="0.00" />
      <xs:maxInclusive value="99999999999.99" />
    </xs:restriction>
  </xs:simpleType>

  <xs:simpleType name="Currency">
        <xs:annotation>
            <xs:documentation>Currency Code: ISO 4217</xs:documentation>
        </xs:annotation>
        <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
            <xs:enumeration value="USD" />
            <xs:enumeration value="UYU" />
            <xs:minLength value="3" />
            <xs:maxLength value="3" />
        </xs:restriction>
    </xs:simpleType>

  <xs:element name="Envelope">
    <xs:complexType>
      <xs:sequence>
        <xs:element name="Deposit" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1">
          <xs:complexType>
            <xs:sequence>
              <xs:element name="ClientId" type="xs:unsignedLong" />
              <xs:element name="Account" type="xs:unsignedLong" />
              <xs:element name="Currency" type="Currency" />
              <xs:element name="Total" type="Money" />
              <xs:element name="SignedDate" type="xs:date" />
              <xs:element name="Cheques">
                <xs:complexType>
                  <xs:sequence>
                    <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" name="Cheque">
                      <xs:complexType>
                        <xs:sequence>
                          <xs:element name="Images">
                            <xs:complexType>
                              <xs:sequence>
                                <xs:element name="Front" type="PNGPictureType" />
                                <xs:element name="Back" type="PNGPictureType" />
                              </xs:sequence>
                            </xs:complexType>
                          </xs:element>
                          <xs:element name="MicrCodeCmc" type="xs:string" />
                          <xs:element name="Amount" type="Money" />
                          <xs:element name="PaymentDate" type="xs:date" />
                          <xs:element name="EmissionDate" type="xs:date" />
                        </xs:sequence>
                      </xs:complexType>
                    </xs:element>
                  </xs:sequence>
                </xs:complexType>
              </xs:element>
            </xs:sequence>
          </xs:complexType>
        </xs:element>
        <xs:element xmlns:q1="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#" ref="q1:Signature" />
      </xs:sequence>
      <xs:attribute name="version" type="xs:unsignedByte" use="required" />
    </xs:complexType>
  </xs:element>
</xs:schema>

UPDATE #1

I have tried different approaches but no joy.

And even if I reference XSD to local file it does not work. I see the same error.

 <xs:import namespace="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#" schemaLocation="http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/REC-xmldsig-core-20020212 file:///C:/Temp/xmldsig-core-schema.xsd"/>

UPDATE #2

Even I use this approach no joy.

 public static bool IsValidXml1(string xmlFilePath, string xsdFilePath, string namespaceName)
        {
            XDocument xdoc = null;
            var settings = new XmlReaderSettings();
            settings.DtdProcessing = DtdProcessing.Ignore;
            settings.ProhibitDtd = false;

            try
            {
                using (XmlReader xr = XmlReader.Create(xmlFilePath, settings))
                {
                    xdoc = XDocument.Load(xr);
                    var schemas = new XmlSchemaSet();
                    schemas.Add(namespaceName, xsdFilePath);
                    schemas.Add(@"http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#", @"D:Tempxmldsig-core-schema.xsd");
                    xdoc.Validate(schemas, null);

                    return true;
                }                
            }
            catch (XmlSchemaValidationException ex)
            {
                // throw;
            }

            return false;
        }

解决方案

If you don't want to change anything to xsd or xml - do the following:

  1. (optional) Download xsd from w3 site and save to local disk. W3 site is VERY slow because a lot of software worldwide constantly request those schemas. If you will use that xsd directly - you will often fail by timeout. Some validation tools already have such schemas cached locally, but not .NET validator.

  2. Modify your validation method from UPDATE 2 the following way:

    public static bool IsValidXml1(string xmlFilePath, string xsdFilePath, string namespaceName)
{
    XDocument xdoc = null;
    var settings = new XmlReaderSettings();
    settings.DtdProcessing = DtdProcessing.Ignore;

    try
    {
        using (XmlReader xr = XmlReader.Create(xmlFilePath, settings))
        {
            xdoc = XDocument.Load(xr);
            var schemas = new XmlSchemaSet();                    
            schemas.Add(namespaceName, xsdFilePath);                   
            using (var fs = File.OpenRead(@"D:Tempxmldsig-core-schema.xsd")) 
            using (var reader = XmlReader.Create(fs, new XmlReaderSettings() {
                DtdProcessing = DtdProcessing.Ignore // important
            })) {
                schemas.Add(@"http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#", reader);
            }

            xdoc.Validate(schemas, null);

            return true;
        }
    }
    catch (XmlSchemaValidationException ex)
    {
        // throw;
    }

    return false;
}

You have to add that schema using XmlReader and not directly, because if you add directly (like in your update 2) - it will fail to parse DTD block, because when you add XmlSchema to XmlSchemaSet using url (or file path) - it will read that file using XmlReaderSettings with DtdProcessing = DtdProcessing.Prohibit. We need to change that to DtdProcessing.Ignore or DtdProcessing.Parse. After that your validation method will work fine for target xsd and xml file, without any changes (and will correctly fail in case xml does not match xsd).

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