在 Java 中替换 finalize()

问题描述

Object.finalize() 在 Java 9 中已被弃用，我想我明白其中的原因，但我很难看到如何替换它.

Object.finalize() is deprecated in Java 9, and I think I understand the reasons why, but I'm having trouble seeing how to replace it.

我有一个名为 Configuration 的实用程序类，它本质上只有一个实例，它拥有应用程序中的所有内容并在应用程序期间持续存在.它提供的服务之一是记录:在第一次请求记录消息时，会创建一个记录器(由于各种遗留原因，它是我自己的记录器而不是标准记录器)，并在配置对象的字段中保存一个引用，并且在应用程序终止时，无论是正常还是异常，我都想释放记录器持有的任何资源(这是一个黑匣子，因为我的库的用户可以提供他们自己的实现).

I have a utility class called Configuration which essentially has a single instance that owns everything in the application and lasts for the duration of the application. One of the services it provides is logging: on first request to log a message, a logger is created (for various legacy reasons it's my own Logger rather than a standard one), with a reference held in a field of the Configuration object, and on application termination, whether normal or abnormal, I want to release any resources held by the logger (which is a black box since users of my library can supply their own implementation).

目前这是通过调用 logger.close() 的 Configuration.finalize() 方法实现的.

Currently this is achieved with a Configuration.finalize() method that calls logger.close().

我应该怎么做?

推荐答案

Java 9 引入了 Cleaner 和 Cleanable 实用程序类，它们负责将幻像引用连接到队列和清空该队列的清理线程.

Java 9 introduces the Cleaner and Cleanable utility classes which take care of wiring up phantom references to a queue and a cleaning thread draining that queue.

虽然这可以让您分离出将在拥有对象死亡后执行事后清理的见证，但所有关于 GC 触发的资源管理的警告仍然适用，即仍然最好依赖 AutoClosable 和 try-with-resources 块来管理资源的生命周期，而不是在垃圾收集器上.

While this lets you separate out the witness that will perform a post-mortem cleanup after the owning object has died, all the caveats about GC-triggered resource management still apply, i.e. it is still preferable to rely on AutoClosable and try-with-resources blocks to manage the lifecycle of resources, not on the garbage collector.

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