C#如何在窗体程序中操作数据库数据-C#/.NET开发

这篇文章主要介绍了C#如何在窗体程序中操作数据库数据，具有很好的参考价值，希望对大家有所帮助。如有错误或未考虑完全的地方，望不吝赐教

一、界面布局

界面中有一个dataGridview、两个Button、两个Label和两个TextBox。

二、定义数据库操作的公共类

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Data;
using MySql.Data.MySqlClient;
namespace TemSys
{
   public  class DBCtrl
   {
        private MySqlConnection m_ClientsqlConn;
        public DBCtrl()                                                                          //    连接类型
        {
            m_ClientsqlConn = new MySqlConnection();
            try
            {
                m_ClientsqlConn.Dispose();
                m_ClientsqlConn.Close();              
                m_ClientsqlConn.ConnectionString = "Database=dbName;Data Source=localhost;User Id=root;Password=123;charset=utf8";
                m_ClientsqlConn.Open();
            }
            catch (Exception ee)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ee.Message);
            }
        }
        public DBCtrl(string IP, string DBname, string Uname, string Pword)                     //    创建连接
        {
            m_ClientsqlConn = new MySqlConnection();
            try
            {
                m_ClientsqlConn.Dispose();
                m_ClientsqlConn.Close();
                m_ClientsqlConn.ConnectionString = string.Format("Database={0};Data Source={1};User Id={2};Password={3};charset=utf8", DBname, IP, Uname, Pword);
                m_ClientsqlConn.Open();
            }
            catch (Exception ee)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ee.Message);
            }
        }
        public void DBConn(string connStr)                                                         //    重载  创建连接
        {
            try
            {
                m_ClientsqlConn.Close();
                m_ClientsqlConn.ConnectionString = connStr;
                m_ClientsqlConn.Open();
            }
            catch (Exception ee)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ee.Message);
            }
        }
        public DataTable GetDataTable(string SQLstr)                                     //    获取DataTable 一个表
        {
            Console.Write("zcn==获取数据库连接,打开数据库");
            try
            {
                if (m_ClientsqlConn.State == ConnectionState.Open)
                    m_ClientsqlConn.Close();
                m_ClientsqlConn.Open();
                MySqlDataAdapter da = new MySqlDataAdapter(SQLstr, m_ClientsqlConn);
                DataTable resultDS = new DataTable();
                da.Fill(resultDS);
                return resultDS;
            }
            catch (Exception ee)
            {
                Console.Write("zcn==获取数据库连接,打开数据库异常异常");
                //MessageBox.Show( ee.Message);
                m_logclass.WriteLogFilein(ee.Message, "GetDataTable.txt");
                return null;
            }
            finally
            {
                m_ClientsqlConn.Close();
            }
        }
        public DataTable GetDataTableUsing(string SQLstr)                                     //    获取DataTable 一个表
        {
            using (MySqlConnection m_ClientsqlConn = new MySqlConnection())
            {
            }
            try
            {
                if (m_ClientsqlConn.State == ConnectionState.Open)
                    m_ClientsqlConn.Close();
                m_ClientsqlConn.Open();
                MySqlDataAdapter da = new MySqlDataAdapter(SQLstr, m_ClientsqlConn);
                DataTable resultDS = new DataTable();
                da.Fill(resultDS);
                return resultDS;
            }
            catch (Exception ee)
            {
                //MessageBox.Show( ee.Message);
                return null;
            }
        }
        public List<string> GetStringListfor(string lineName,DataTable dt)    //根据某一列的名字  获取某个集合中该列的所有值
        {
            List<string> list = new List<string>();
            foreach (DataRow dr in dt.Rows)
            {
                list.Add((string)dr[lineName]);
            }
            return list;
        }
        public List<DataRow> GetDataRowfor(DataTable dt)   //根据 datatable  获取每一行的数据的datarow
        {
            List<DataRow> list = new List<DataRow>();
            foreach (DataRow dr in dt.Rows)
            {
                list.Add(dr);  
            }         
            return list;
        }
/*
        public DataRow GetDataRowfor(string tablename,string ID)  //根据ID号 返回对应行的  DataRow
        {
            string ss = "select * from " + tablename + " where ID = \'"+ID +"\'";
            DataRow dr = new DataRow();
            DataTable dt = GetDataTable(ss);
            dr = dt.Rows[0];
            return dr; 
        }
*/
         public DataTable GetDataTableOneLine(string SQLstr)                                     //    获取DataTable 一个表中一行
        {
            MySqlDataAdapter da = new MySqlDataAdapter(SQLstr, m_ClientsqlConn);
            DataTable resultDS = new DataTable();
            da.Fill(resultDS);
            return resultDS;
        }
        public DataTable GetDataSet_to_Table(string SQLstr)                               //    获取 dataset   多个表中  table
        {
            try
            {
                MySqlDataAdapter da = new MySqlDataAdapter(SQLstr, m_ClientsqlConn);
                DataSet ds = new DataSet();
                da.Fill(ds);
                return ds.Tables[0];
            }
            catch
            {
                return null;
            }
        }
        public Boolean InsertDBase(string insString)
        {
            try
            {
                if (m_ClientsqlConn.State == ConnectionState.Open)
                    m_ClientsqlConn.Close();
                m_ClientsqlConn.Open();
                MySqlCommand sqlcomd = new MySqlCommand(insString, m_ClientsqlConn);
                sqlcomd.ExecuteNonQuery();
                return true;
            }
            catch (Exception ee)
            {
                return false;
            }
            finally
            {
                m_ClientsqlConn.Close();
            }
        }
        public Boolean deleteRowfor(string tablename,int deleteID)  //根据 ID 删除指定行
        {
            try
            {
                string ss ="delete from "+ tablename +" where ID = "+ deleteID;
                if (m_ClientsqlConn.State == ConnectionState.Open)
                    m_ClientsqlConn.Close();
                m_ClientsqlConn.Open();
                MySqlCommand sqlcmd = new MySqlCommand(ss, m_ClientsqlConn);
                sqlcmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
                return true;
            }
            catch(Exception ee)
            {
                return false;
            } 
        }
        public Boolean ModifyRowfor(string modifystr,string modifyID)         // 根据
        {
            try
            {
                string ss = modifystr + " where id = " + modifyID;
                if (m_ClientsqlConn.State == ConnectionState.Open)
                    m_ClientsqlConn.Close();
                m_ClientsqlConn.Open();
                MySqlCommand sqlcmd = new MySqlCommand(ss, m_ClientsqlConn);
                sqlcmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
                return true;
            }
            catch (Exception ee)
            {
                return false;
            }
            finally
            {
                m_ClientsqlConn.Close();
            }
        }
        public void CloseDBase()               //   参数类型  不同数据库连接
        {
            m_ClientsqlConn.Close();
        }
    }
}

三、在界面中操作数据库方法

ps：数据库的配置信息保存在Config.ini文件中，如果仅是测试用的话，可以直接在

m_DataBase = new DBCtrl(ipstr, namestr, usernamestr, passwordstr);

处输入ip地址、数据库名、数据库用户名和密码即可

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
namespace TemSys
{
    public partial class ModifyDevice : Form
    {
        [DllImport("kernel32")]                                        //读写ini文件函数
        private static extern long WritePrivateProfileString(string section, string key, string val, string filePath);
        [DllImport("kernel32")]
        private static extern long GetPrivateProfileString(string section, string key, string def, StringBuilder retVal, int size, string filePath);
        DataTable dt = new DataTable();
        private DBCtrl m_DataBase;
        public ModifyDevice()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }
        //将所有的textBox值设为空
        private void TextBoxNull()
        {
            textBox1.Text = "";
            textBox2.Text = "";
        }
        //设置Lab值
        private void labelshow()
        {
            label1.Text = dataGridView1.Columns[0].HeaderText;
            label2.Text = dataGridView1.Columns[12].HeaderText;
        }          
        //初始化界面
        private void ModifyDevice_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            StringBuilder retval = new StringBuilder();
            GetPrivateProfileString("DBConfig", "dbip", "", retval, 20, AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "Config.ini");
            string ipstr = retval.ToString();
            GetPrivateProfileString("DBConfig", "dbname", "", retval, 20, AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "Config.ini");
            string namestr = retval.ToString();
            GetPrivateProfileString("DBConfig", "dbusername", "", retval, 20, AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "Config.ini");
            string usernamestr = retval.ToString();
            GetPrivateProfileString("DBConfig", "dbpassword", "", retval, 20, AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "Config.ini");
            string passwordstr = retval.ToString();
            m_DataBase = new DBCtrl(ipstr, namestr, usernamestr, passwordstr);
            initDataTable();
        }
        private void initDataTable()
        {
            string ssp = string.Format("select * from device_info1");
            dt = m_DataBase.GetDataTable(ssp);
            dataGridView1.DataSource = dt;
            labelshow();
        }
        //双击dataGridView响应事件
        private void dataGridView1_CellDoubleClick(object sender, DataGridViewCellEventArgs e)
        {
            string index = dataGridView1.CurrentRow.Cells[0].Value.ToString();
            if (label1.Text == "id")
            {
                string ssp = string.Format("select * from device_info1 where id='" + index + "'");
                dt = m_DataBase.GetDataTable(ssp); 
                //DataRow row = dt.Rows[0];
                textBox1.Text = dt.Rows[0]["id"].ToString();
                textBox2.Text = dt.Rows[0]["number"].ToString();
            }
        }
        //点击修改按钮响应事件
        private void btnModify_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            bool flag = false;
            string ssp = string.Format("update device_info1 set number='" + textBox2.Text + "'");
            flag = m_DataBase.ModifyRowfor(ssp, textBox1.Text);
            if (flag)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("修改成功！");
                initDataTable();
            }
            else
            {
                MessageBox.Show("修改失败！");
            }
        }
        private void btnDelete_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
             bool flag = false;
            int currentIndex = (int)dataGridView1.CurrentRow.Cells[0].Value;
            Console.WriteLine("输出当前选中数据行：" + currentIndex);
            flag = m_DataBase.deleteRowfor("device_info1", currentIndex);
            if (flag)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("删除成功！");
                initDataTable();
            }
            else
            {
                MessageBox.Show("删除失败！");
            }
        }
    }
}

以上为个人经验，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持得得之家。