Springboot 中的 Filter 实现超大响应 JSON 数据压缩的方法

这篇文章主要介绍了Springboot 中的 Filter 实现超大响应 JSON 数据压缩,定义GzipFilter对输出进行拦截,定义Controller该Controller非常简单,主要读取一个大文本文件,作为输出的内容,本文通过实例代码给大家介绍的非常详细,需要的朋友可以参考下

简介

项目中,请求时发送超大 json 数据外;响应时也有可能返回超大 json数据。上一篇实现了请求数据的 gzip 压缩。本篇通过 filter 实现对响应 json 数据的压缩。
先了解一下以下两个概念:

  • 请求头:Accept-Encoding : gzip告诉服务器,该浏览器支持 gzip 压缩
  • 响应头:Content-Encoding : gzip告诉浏览器,输出信息使用了 gzip 进行压缩

pom.xml 引入依赖

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 
	<groupId>com.olive</groupId>
	<artifactId>response-compression</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>
 
	<name>response-compression</name>
	<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
 
	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.5.14</version>
		<relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>
 
	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
		<maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
	</properties>
 
	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
			<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
		    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.alibaba.fastjson2</groupId>
			<artifactId>fastjson2</artifactId>
			<version>2.0.14</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
			<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
			<version>2.9.0</version>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
</project>

对Response进行包装

GzipResponseWrapper 类重新定义了输出流,拦截需要输出的数据,直接缓存到 ByteArrayOutputStream 中。

package com.olive.filter;
 
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
 
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.WriteListener;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponseWrapper;
import java.io.*;
 
@Slf4j
public class GzipResponseWrapper extends HttpServletResponseWrapper {
 
    /**
     * 字节数组缓冲流,用来保存截获到的输出数据
     */
    private ByteArrayOutputStream buffer;
 
    /**
     * 重新定义servlet输出流,改变输出目的地将响应内容输出到给定的字节数组缓冲流中
     */
    private GzipResponseWrapper.CustomServletOutputStream servletOutputStream;
 
    /**
     * 同上
     */
    private PrintWriter writer;
 
    public GzipResponseWrapper(HttpServletResponse response) {
        super(response);
        //original HttpServletResponse object
        buffer = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        servletOutputStream = new GzipResponseWrapper.CustomServletOutputStream(buffer);
        try {
            writer = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(buffer, response.getCharacterEncoding()), true);
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            log.error("GZipHttpServletResponse", e);
        }
    }
 
    @Override
    public ServletOutputStream getOutputStream() throws IOException {
        return servletOutputStream;
    }
 
    @Override
    public PrintWriter getWriter() throws IOException {
        return writer;
    }
 
    @Override
    public void flushBuffer() throws IOException {
        if (servletOutputStream != null) {
            servletOutputStream.flush();
        }
        if (writer != null) {
            writer.flush();
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * 向外部提供一个获取截获数据的方法
     * @return 从response输出流中截获的响应数据
     */
    public byte[] getOutputData() throws IOException {
        flushBuffer();
        return buffer.toByteArray();
    }
 
    private static class CustomServletOutputStream extends ServletOutputStream {
 
        /**
         * 字节数组缓冲流,用来保存截获到的输出数据
         */
        private ByteArrayOutputStream buffer;
 
        public CustomServletOutputStream(ByteArrayOutputStream buffer) {
            this.buffer = buffer;
        }
 
        @Override
        public boolean isReady() {
            return true;
        }
 
        @Override
        public void setWriteListener(WriteListener listener) {
        }
 
        /**
         * 重写输出流相关的方法
         * 将输出数据写出到给定的ByteArrayOutputStream缓冲流中保存起来
         * @param b 输出的数据
         * @throws IOException
         */
        @Override
        public void write(int b) throws IOException {
            buffer.write(b);
        }
    }
}

定义GzipFilter对输出进行拦截

GzipFilter 拦截器获取缓存的需要输出的数据,进行压缩,在输出数据之前先设置响应头Content-Encoding : gzip

package com.olive.filter;
 
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
 
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.zip.GZIPOutputStream;
 
/**
 * 压缩过滤器
 *
 * 功能:对于返回给客户端的数据进行gzip压缩,提高响应速度
 * 实现说明:
 *     要对response对象的输出数据进行gzip压缩,首先得拿到后面servlet(controller)进行业务处理后往response对象里写入的数据
 *     可以通过重写response对象,修改该对象内部的输出流,使该流写出数据时写出到给定的字节数组缓冲流当中,
 *     并在重写后的response对象内部提供一个获取该字节数组缓冲流的方法,这样就可以截获响应数据
 *     然后就可以对截获的响应数据通过Gzip输出流进行压缩输出即可;
 *     因为响应数据是gzip压缩格式,不是普通的文本格式所以需要通过response对象(响应头)告知浏览器响应的数据类型
 */
@Slf4j
public class GzipFilter implements Filter {
 
    private final String GZIP = "gzip";
 
    public void destroy() {
        log.info("GzipFilter destroy");
    }
 
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse resp, FilterChain chain) throws ServletException, IOException {
        log.info("GzipFilter start");
        HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) req;
        HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) resp;
        String acceptEncoding = request.getHeader(HttpHeaders.ACCEPT_ENCODING);
        //searching for 'gzip' in ACCEPT_ENCODING header
        if( acceptEncoding != null && acceptEncoding.indexOf(GZIP) >= 0){
            GzipResponseWrapper gzipResponseWrapper = new GzipResponseWrapper(response);
            //pass the customized response object to controller to capture the output data
            chain.doFilter(request, gzipResponseWrapper);
            //get captured data
            byte[] data = gzipResponseWrapper.getOutputData();
            log.info("截获到数据:" + data.length + " bytes");
            //get gzip data
            ByteArrayOutputStream gzipBuffer = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            GZIPOutputStream gzipOut = new GZIPOutputStream(gzipBuffer);
            gzipOut.write(data);
            gzipOut.flush();
            gzipOut.close();
            byte[] gzipData = gzipBuffer.toByteArray();
            log.info("压缩后数据:" + gzipData.length + " bytes");
            //set response header and output
            response.setHeader(HttpHeaders.CONTENT_ENCODING, GZIP);
            response.getOutputStream().write(gzipData);
            response.getOutputStream().flush();
        }else{
            chain.doFilter(req, resp);
        }
    }
 
    public void init(FilterConfig config) throws ServletException {
        log.info("GzipFilter init");
    }
 
}

注册 GzipFilter 拦截器

package com.olive.config;
 
import com.olive.filter.GzipFilter;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
 
/**
 * 注册filter
 */
@Configuration
public class FilterRegistration {
 
    @Bean
    public FilterRegistrationBean<GzipFilter> gzipFilterRegistrationBean() {
        FilterRegistrationBean<GzipFilter> registration = new FilterRegistrationBean<>();
        //Filter可以new,也可以使用依赖注入Bean
        registration.setFilter(new GzipFilter());
        //过滤器名称
        registration.setName("gzipFilter");
        //拦截路径
        registration.addUrlPatterns("/*");
        //设置顺序
        registration.setOrder(1);
        return registration;
    }
}

定义 Controller

该 Controller 非常简单,主要读取一个大文本文件,作为输出的内容。

package com.olive.controller;
 
import java.io.File;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
 
import com.olive.vo.ArticleRequestVO;
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
 
@RestController
public class TestController {
 
	@RequestMapping("/getArticle")
	public Map<String, Object> getArticle(){
		Map<String, Object> result = new HashMap<>();
		result.put("code", 200);
		result.put("msg", "success");
		byte[] bytes = null;
		try {
			bytes = FileUtils.readFileToByteArray(new File("C:\\Users\\2230\\Desktop\\凯平项目资料\\改装车项目\\CXSSBOOT_DB_DDL-1.0.9.sql"));
		}catch (Exception e){
 
		}
		String content = new String(bytes);
		ArticleRequestVO vo = new ArticleRequestVO();
		vo.setId(1L);
		vo.setTitle("BUG弄潮儿");
		vo.setContent(content);
		result.put("body", vo);
		return result;
	}
 
}

Controller 返回数据的 VO

package com.olive.vo;
 
import lombok.Data;
 
import java.io.Serializable;
 
@Data
public class ArticleRequestVO implements Serializable {
 
    private Long id;
 
    private String title;
 
    private String content;
 
}

定义 Springboot 引导类

package com.olive;
 
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
 
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
 
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class);
    }
}

测试

测试的curl

curl -X POST http://127.0.0.1:8080/getArticle 

到此这篇关于Springboot 中的 Filter 实现超大响应 JSON 数据压缩的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关Springboot JSON 数据压缩内容请搜索编程学习网以前的文章希望大家以后多多支持编程学习网!

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