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SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ实战教程附死信交换机

Java开发
2022-12-27

这篇文章主要介绍了SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ实战附加死信交换机,本文通过示例代码给大家介绍的非常详细，对大家的学习或工作具有一定的参考借鉴价值，需要的朋友可以参考下

前言

使用springboot，实现以下功能，有两个队列1、2，往里面发送消息，如果处理失败发生异常，可以重试3次，重试3次均失败，那么就将消息发送到死信队列进行统一处理，例如记录数据库、报警等
完整demo项目代码https://gitee.com/daenmax/rabbit-mq-demo

环境

Windows10，IDEA，otp_win64_25.0，rabbitmq-server-3.10.4
1.双击C:\Program Files\RabbitMQ Server\rabbitmq_server-3.10.4\sbin\rabbitmq-server.bat启动MQ服务
2.然后访问http://localhost:15672/，默认账号密码均为guest，
3.手动添加一个虚拟主机为admin_host，手动创建一个用户账号密码均为admin

pom.xml

        <!-- RabbitMQ -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
            <version>2.7.0</version>
        </dependency>

配置

spring:
  rabbitmq:
    host: 127.0.0.1
    port: 5672
    username: admin
    password: admin
    virtual-host: admin_host
    publisher-confirm-type: correlated
    publisher-returns: true
    listener:
      simple:
        acknowledge-mode: manual
        retry:
          enabled: true    #开启失败重试
          max-attempts: 3    #最大重试次数
          initial-interval: 1000  #重试间隔时间 毫秒

配置文件

RabbitConfig

package com.example.rabitmqdemo.mydemo.config;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;


/**
 * Broker:它提供一种传输服务,它的角色就是维护一条从生产者到消费者的路线，保证数据能按照指定的方式进行传输,
 * Exchange：消息交换机,它指定消息按什么规则,路由到哪个队列。
 * Queue:消息的载体,每个消息都会被投到一个或多个队列。
 * Binding:绑定，它的作用就是把exchange和queue按照路由规则绑定起来.
 * Routing Key:路由关键字,exchange根据这个关键字进行消息投递。
 * vhost:虚拟主机,一个broker里可以有多个vhost，用作不同用户的权限分离。
 * Producer:消息生产者,就是投递消息的程序.
 * Consumer:消息消费者,就是接受消息的程序.
 * Channel:消息通道,在客户端的每个连接里,可建立多个channel.
 */
@Slf4j
@Component
public class RabbitConfig {
    //业务交换机
    public static final String EXCHANGE_PHCP = "phcp";
    //业务队列1
    public static final String QUEUE_COMPANY = "company";
    //业务队列1的key
    public static final String ROUTINGKEY_COMPANY = "companyKey";
    //业务队列2
    public static final String QUEUE_PROJECT = "project";
    //业务队列2的key
    public static final String ROUTINGKEY_PROJECT = "projectKey";

    //死信交换机
    public static final String EXCHANGE_PHCP_DEAD = "phcp_dead";
    //死信队列1
    public static final String QUEUE_COMPANY_DEAD = "company_dead";
    //死信队列2
    public static final String QUEUE_PROJECT_DEAD = "project_dead";
    //死信队列1的key
    public static final String ROUTINGKEY_COMPANY_DEAD = "companyKey_dead";
    //死信队列2的key
    public static final String ROUTINGKEY_PROJECT_DEAD = "projectKey_dead";


//    /**
//     * 解决重复确认报错问题，如果没有报错的话，就不用启用这个
//     *
//     * @param connectionFactory
//     * @return
//     */
//    @Bean
//    public RabbitListenerContainerFactory<?> rabbitListenerContainerFactory(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
//        SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory factory = new SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory();
//        factory.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
//        factory.setMessageConverter(new Jackson2JsonMessageConverter());
//        factory.setAcknowledgeMode(AcknowledgeMode.MANUAL);
//        return factory;
//    }

    /**
     * 声明业务交换机
     * 1. 设置交换机类型
     * 2. 将队列绑定到交换机
     * FanoutExchange: 将消息分发到所有的绑定队列，无routingkey的概念
     * HeadersExchange ：通过添加属性key-value匹配
     * DirectExchange:按照routingkey分发到指定队列
     * TopicExchange:多关键字匹配
     */
    @Bean("exchangePhcp")
    public DirectExchange exchangePhcp() {
        return new DirectExchange(EXCHANGE_PHCP);
    }

     * 声明死信交换机
    @Bean("exchangePhcpDead")
    public DirectExchange exchangePhcpDead() {
        return new DirectExchange(EXCHANGE_PHCP_DEAD);

     * 声明业务队列1
     *
     * @return
    @Bean("queueCompany")
    public Queue queueCompany() {
        Map<String,Object> arguments = new HashMap<>(2);
        arguments.put("x-dead-letter-exchange",EXCHANGE_PHCP_DEAD);
        //绑定该队列到死信交换机的队列1
        arguments.put("x-dead-letter-routing-key",ROUTINGKEY_COMPANY_DEAD);
        return QueueBuilder.durable(QUEUE_COMPANY).withArguments(arguments).build();
     * 声明业务队列2
    @Bean("queueProject")
    public Queue queueProject() {
        //绑定该队列到死信交换机的队列2
        arguments.put("x-dead-letter-routing-key",ROUTINGKEY_PROJECT_DEAD);
        return QueueBuilder.durable(QUEUE_PROJECT).withArguments(arguments).build();

     * 声明死信队列1
    @Bean("queueCompanyDead")
    public Queue queueCompanyDead() {
        return new Queue(QUEUE_COMPANY_DEAD);
     * 声明死信队列2
    @Bean("queueProjectDead")
    public Queue queueProjectDead() {
        return new Queue(QUEUE_PROJECT_DEAD);

     * 绑定业务队列1和业务交换机
     * @param queue
     * @param directExchange
    @Bean
    public Binding bindingQueueCompany(@Qualifier("queueCompany") Queue queue, @Qualifier("exchangePhcp") DirectExchange directExchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(directExchange).with(RabbitConfig.ROUTINGKEY_COMPANY);

     * 绑定业务队列2和业务交换机
    public Binding bindingQueueProject(@Qualifier("queueProject") Queue queue, @Qualifier("exchangePhcp") DirectExchange directExchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(directExchange).with(RabbitConfig.ROUTINGKEY_PROJECT);

     * 绑定死信队列1和死信交换机
    public Binding bindingQueueCompanyDead(@Qualifier("queueCompanyDead") Queue queue, @Qualifier("exchangePhcpDead") DirectExchange directExchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(directExchange).with(RabbitConfig.ROUTINGKEY_COMPANY_DEAD);

     * 绑定死信队列2和死信交换机
    public Binding bindingQueueProjectDead(@Qualifier("queueProjectDead") Queue queue, @Qualifier("exchangePhcpDead") DirectExchange directExchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(directExchange).with(RabbitConfig.ROUTINGKEY_PROJECT_DEAD);
}

生产者

RabbltProducer

package com.example.rabitmqdemo.mydemo.producer;
import com.example.rabitmqdemo.mydemo.config.RabbitConfig;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CorrelationData;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.UUID;
@Component
@Slf4j
public class RabbltProducer implements RabbitTemplate.ConfirmCallback, RabbitTemplate.ReturnsCallback{
    @Resource
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
    /**
     * 初始化消息确认函数
     */
    @PostConstruct
    public void init() {
        rabbitTemplate.setConfirmCallback(this);
        rabbitTemplate.setReturnsCallback(this);
        rabbitTemplate.setMandatory(true);
    }
    /**
     * 发送消息服务器确认函数
     * @param correlationData
     * @param ack
     * @param cause
     */
    @Override
    public void confirm(CorrelationData correlationData, boolean ack, String cause) {
        if (ack) {
            System.out.println("消息发送成功" + correlationData);
        } else {
            System.out.println("消息发送失败:" + cause);
        }
    }
    /**
     * 消息发送失败，消息回调函数
     * @param returnedMessage
     */
    @Override
    public void returnedMessage(ReturnedMessage returnedMessage) {
        String str = new String(returnedMessage.getMessage().getBody());
        System.out.println("消息发送失败：" + str);
    }
    /**
     * 处理消息发送到队列1
     * @param str
     */
    public void sendCompany(String str){
        MessageProperties messageProperties = new MessageProperties();
        messageProperties.setContentType("application/json");
        Message message = new Message(str.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8),messageProperties);
        CorrelationData correlationData = new CorrelationData(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
        this.rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitConfig.EXCHANGE_PHCP,RabbitConfig.ROUTINGKEY_COMPANY,message,correlationData);
        //也可以用下面的方式
        //CorrelationData correlationData = new CorrelationData(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
        //this.rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitConfig.EXCHANGE_PHCP,RabbitConfig.ROUTINGKEY_COMPANY,str,correlationData);
    }
    /**
     * 处理消息发送到队列2
     * @param str
     */
    public void sendProject(String str){
        MessageProperties messageProperties = new MessageProperties();
        messageProperties.setContentType("application/json");
        Message message = new Message(str.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8),messageProperties);
        CorrelationData correlationData = new CorrelationData(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
        this.rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitConfig.EXCHANGE_PHCP,RabbitConfig.ROUTINGKEY_PROJECT,message,correlationData);
        //也可以用下面的方式
        //CorrelationData correlationData = new CorrelationData(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
        //this.rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitConfig.EXCHANGE_PHCP,RabbitConfig.ROUTINGKEY_PROJECT,str,correlationData);
    }
}

业务消费者

RabbitConsumer

package com.example.rabitmqdemo.mydemo.consumer;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
 * 监听业务交换机
 * @author JeWang
 */
@Component
@Slf4j
public class RabbitConsumer {
    /**
     * 监听业务队列1
     * @param message
     * @param channel
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @RabbitListener(queues = "company")
    public void company(Message message, Channel channel) throws IOException {
        try{
            System.out.println("次数" + message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag());
            channel.basicQos(1);
            Thread.sleep(2000);
            String s = new String(message.getBody());
            log.info("处理消息"+s);
            //下面两行是尝试手动抛出异常，用来测试重试次数和发送到死信交换机
            //String str = null;
            //str.split("1");
            //处理成功，确认应答
            channel.basicAck(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(), false);
        }catch (Exception e){
            log.error("处理消息时发生异常："+e.getMessage());
            Boolean redelivered = message.getMessageProperties().getRedelivered();
            if(redelivered){
                log.error("异常重试次数已到达设置次数，将发送到死信交换机");
                channel.basicReject(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(),false);
            }else {
                log.error("消息即将返回队列处理重试");
                channel.basicNack(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(), false, true);
            }
        }
    }
    /**
     * 监听业务队列2
     * @param message
     * @param channel
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @RabbitListener(queues = "project")
    public void project(Message message, Channel channel) throws IOException {
        try{
            System.out.println("次数" + message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag());
            channel.basicQos(1);
            Thread.sleep(2000);
            String s = new String(message.getBody());
            log.info("处理消息"+s);
            //下面两行是尝试手动抛出异常，用来测试重试次数和发送到死信交换机
            //String str = null;
            //str.split("1");
            //处理成功，确认应答
            channel.basicAck(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(), false);
        }catch (Exception e){
            log.error("处理消息时发生异常："+e.getMessage());
            Boolean redelivered = message.getMessageProperties().getRedelivered();
            if(redelivered){
                log.error("异常重试次数已到达设置次数，将发送到死信交换机");
                channel.basicReject(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(),false);
            }else {
                log.error("消息即将返回队列处理重试");
                channel.basicNack(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(), false, true);
            }
        }
    }
}

死信消费者

RabbitConsumer

package com.example.rabitmqdemo.mydemo.consumer;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
 * 监听死信交换机
 * @author JeWang
 */
@Component
@Slf4j
public class RabbitConsumerDead {
    /**
     * 处理死信队列1
     * @param message
     * @param channel
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @RabbitListener(queues = "company_dead")
    public void company_dead(Message message, Channel channel) throws IOException {
        try{
            channel.basicQos(1);
            String s = new String(message.getBody());
            log.info("处理死信"+s);
            //在此处记录到数据库、报警之类的操作
            channel.basicAck(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(), false);
        }catch (Exception e){
            log.error("接收异常："+e.getMessage());
        }
    }
    /**
     * 处理死信队列2
     * @param message
     * @param channel
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @RabbitListener(queues = "project_dead")
    public void project_dead(Message message, Channel channel) throws IOException {
        try{
            channel.basicQos(1);
            String s = new String(message.getBody());
            log.info("处理死信"+s);
            //在此处记录到数据库、报警之类的操作
            channel.basicAck(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(), false);
        }catch (Exception e){
            log.error("接收异常："+e.getMessage());
        }
    }
}

测试

MqController

package com.example.rabitmqdemo.mydemo.controller;
import com.example.rabitmqdemo.mydemo.producer.RabbltProducer;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
@RequestMapping("/def")
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class MsgController {
    @Resource
    private RabbltProducer rabbltProducer;
    
    @RequestMapping("/handleCompany")
    public void handleCompany(@RequestBody String jsonStr){
        rabbltProducer.sendCompany(jsonStr);
    }
}

到此这篇关于SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ实战附加死信交换机的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ死信交换机内容请搜索编程学习网以前的文章希望大家以后多多支持编程学习网！

本文标题为：SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ实战教程附死信交换机

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