使用内置功能在 MVC6 中使用 JQuery AJAX 提交剃刀表单

Submitting a razor form using JQuery AJAX in MVC6 using the built-in functionality(使用内置功能在 MVC6 中使用 JQuery AJAX 提交剃刀表单)

问题描述

我想知道在 MVC6 中是否有使用 jQuery AJAX 提交表单的特定方法，仍然使用 ASP.NET MVC 的自动绑定功能.我相信在其他版本的 MVC 中，您可以使用 jquery.unobtrusive-ajax 并简单地使用

I would like to know if there is a specific way to submit a form using jQuery AJAX in MVC6, still using the Auto Binding features of ASP.NET MVC. I believe in other versions of MVC you could use jquery.unobtrusive-ajax and simply use

@using (Ajax.BeginForm("SaveData", new AjaxOptions(){}

由于 MVC6 发生了一些变化，我想知道除了在提交表单时向服务器执行正常的 AJAX 发布之外，新推荐的方法是什么.这意味着我将手动获取每个输入字段的值，将它们转换为 JSON 并将它们发送到控制器，以便所有内容都绑定到 ViewModel.

Since there have been some changes with MVC6 I am wondering what the new recommended way to do this would be besides doing a normal AJAX post to the server when the form is submitted. This meaning I would manually get the values of each input field, turn them into JSON and send them over to the controller so everything will get bound to the ViewModel.

如果我将以下 JavaScript 用于 AJAX，那么任何 AJAX 表单设置是否重要?

If I use the following JavaScript for AJAX do any of the AJAX form settings even matter?

$('form').submit(function () {
    $.ajax({
        type: "POST",
        url: "/Products/Create/",
        data: JSON.stringify(data),
        contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
        dataType: "json"
    });
});

推荐答案

Ajax 的工作方式相同，但使用新的 MVC 6 Tag Helper 代替 @Ajax 帮助器(不要忘记引用 'jquery' 和 'jquery.unobtrusive-ajax 脚本).

Ajax works the same way, but instead of the @Ajax helper's, use the new MVC 6 Tag Helpers (don't forget to reference 'jquery' and 'jquery.unobtrusive-ajax' scripts).

JQuery Unobtrusive Ajax 存在于 Asp.Net GitHub repo 中，可以被 Bower 拉取.

JQuery Unobtrusive Ajax exists in the Asp.Net GitHub repo and can be Bower pulled.

使用新的 MVC TagHelpers，您只需声明如下形式:

Using the new MVC TagHelpers, you simply declare the form like the following:

<form asp-controller="Home" asp-action="SaveForm" data-ajax="true" data-ajax-method="POST">
...
</form>

要使用以前 MVC 版本的 Ajax Helper 上存在的 AjaxOptions，只需添加这些属性，执行 form 标记，如下所示:

To use the AjaxOptions that existed on the Ajax Helper on previous MVC versions, just add those attributes do the form tag like this:

<form asp-controller="Home" asp-action="SaveForm" data-ajax="true" data-ajax-method="POST" data-ajax-mode="replace" data-ajax-update="#content">
...
</form>
<div id="content"></div>

您可以在表单中使用的 HTML 属性(以前称为 AjaxOptions)如下(原文出处):

The HTML attributes (formerly AjaxOptions) that you can use in the form are the following (original source):

+------------------------+-----------------------------+
|      AjaxOptions       |       HTML attribute        |
+------------------------+-----------------------------+
| Confirm                | data-ajax-confirm           |
| HttpMethod             | data-ajax-method            |
| InsertionMode          | data-ajax-mode              |
| LoadingElementDuration | data-ajax-loading-duration  |
| LoadingElementId       | data-ajax-loading           |
| OnBegin                | data-ajax-begin             |
| OnComplete             | data-ajax-complete          |
| OnFailure              | data-ajax-failure           |
| OnSuccess              | data-ajax-success           |
| UpdateTargetId         | data-ajax-update            |
| Url                    | data-ajax-url               |
+------------------------+-----------------------------+

另一个重大变化是如何在服务器端检查请求是否确实是 AJAX 请求.在以前的版本中，我们只是使用 Request.IsAjaxRequest().

Another significant change is how you check on the server side if the request is indeed an AJAX request. On previous versions we simply used Request.IsAjaxRequest().

在 MVC6 上，您必须创建一个简单的扩展来添加与以前的 MVC 版本相同的选项(原文出处):

On MVC6, you have to create a simple extension to add the same options that existed on previous MVC versions (original source):

/// <summary>
/// Determines whether the specified HTTP request is an AJAX request.
/// </summary>
/// 
/// <returns>
/// true if the specified HTTP request is an AJAX request; otherwise, false.
/// </returns>
/// <param name="request">The HTTP request.</param><exception cref="T:System.ArgumentNullException">The <paramref name="request"/> parameter is null (Nothing in Visual Basic).</exception>
public static bool IsAjaxRequest(this HttpRequest request)
{
  if (request == null)
    throw new ArgumentNullException("request");

  if (request.Headers != null)
    return request.Headers["X-Requested-With"] == "XMLHttpRequest";
  return false;
}

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