1 字节！= 8 位的系统?-C/C++问题

System where 1 byte != 8 bit?(1 字节！= 8 位的系统?)

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问题描述

我一直在读这样的句子

不要依赖 1 个字节的大小为 8 位

don't rely on 1 byte being 8 bit in size

使用 CHAR_BIT 而不是 8 作为常量在位和字节之间转换

use CHAR_BIT instead of 8 as a constant to convert between bits and bytes

等等.今天有哪些现实生活系统，这适用于哪些地方?_{(我不确定 C 和 C++ 在这方面是否存在差异，或者它是否实际上与语言无关.如有必要，请重新标记.)}

et cetera. What real life systems are there today, where this holds true? _{(I'm not sure if there are differences between C and C++ regarding this, or if it's actually language agnostic. Please retag if neccessary.)}

推荐答案

在较旧的机器上，小于 8 位的代码相当普遍，但其中大部分已经消失多年了.

On older machines, codes smaller than 8 bits were fairly common, but most of those have been dead and gone for years now.

C 和 C++ 已经规定 char 的最少为 8 位，至少可以追溯到 C89 标准..他们将char"和byte"视为本质上是同义词

C and C++ have mandated a minimum of 8 bits for char, at least as far back as the C89 standard. . They treat "char" and "byte" as essentially synonymous

然而，当前的机器(主要是 DSP)的最小类型大于 8 位——至少 12、14 甚至 16 位是相当常见的.Windows CE 的做法大致相同:它的最小类型(至少对于 Microsoft 的编译器)是 16 位.然而，他们不将 char 视为 16 位 - 相反，他们采用(不符合)的方法，简单地不支持名为 char<的类型/code> .


There are, however, current machines (mostly DSPs) where the smallest type is larger than 8 bits -- a minimum of 12, 14, or even 16 bits is fairly common. Windows CE does roughly the same: its smallest type (at least with Microsoft's compiler) is 16 bits. They do not, however, treat a char as 16 bits -- instead they take the (non-conforming) approach of simply not supporting a type named char at all.

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