我可以使用流解压缩和反序列化文件吗?

Can I decompress and deserialize a file using streams?(我可以使用流解压缩和反序列化文件吗?)

问题描述

我的应用程序使用 Json.Net 序列化一个对象，压缩生成的 JSON，然后将其保存到文件中.此外，应用程序可以从这些文件之一加载对象.由于现有代码创建大字符串和字节数组的方式，这些对象的大小可能有几十 Mb，我担心内存使用情况:-

My application serializes an object using Json.Net, compresses the resulting JSON, then saves this to file. Additionally the application can load an object from one of these files. These objects can be tens of Mb in size and I'm concerned about memory usage, due to the way the existing code creates large strings and byte arrays:-

public void Save(MyClass myObject, string filename)
{
    var json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(myObject);
    var bytes = Compress(json);
    File.WriteAllBytes(filename, bytes);
}

public MyClass Load(string filename)
{    
    var bytes = File.ReadAllBytes(filename);
    var json = Decompress(bytes);
    var myObject = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<MyClass>(json);
}

private static byte[] Compress(string s)
{
    var bytes = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(s);

    using (var ms = new MemoryStream())
    {
        using (var gs = new GZipStream(ms, CompressionMode.Compress))
        {
            gs.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
            gs.Close();
            return ms.ToArray();
        }
    }
}

private static string Decompress(byte[] bytes)
{
    using (var msi = new MemoryStream(bytes))
    {
        using (var mso = new MemoryStream())
        {
            using (var gs = new GZipStream(msi, CompressionMode.Decompress))
            {
                gs.CopyTo(mso);
                return Encoding.Unicode.GetString(mso.ToArray());
            }
        }
    } 
}

我想知道是否可以用流替换 Save/Load 方法?我找到了在 Json.Net 中使用流的示例，但我正在努力弄清楚如何适应额外的压缩内容.

I was wondering if the Save/Load methods could be replaced with streams? I've found examples of using streams with Json.Net but am struggling to get my head around how to fit in the additional compression stuff.

推荐答案

JsonSerializer 有从 JsonTextReader 和 StreamWriter，两者都可以在任何类型的流之上创建，包括 GZipStream.使用它们，您可以创建以下扩展方法:

JsonSerializer has methods to serialize from a JsonTextReader and to a StreamWriter, both of which can be created on top of any sort of stream, including a GZipStream. Using them, you can create the following extension methods:

public static partial class JsonExtensions
{
    // Buffer sized as recommended by Bradley Grainger, https://faithlife.codes/blog/2012/06/always-wrap-gzipstream-with-bufferedstream/
    // But anything smaller than 85,000 bytes should be OK, since objects larger than that go on the large object heap.  See:
    // https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/standard/garbage-collection/large-object-heap
    const int BufferSize = 8192;
    // Disable writing of BOM as per https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc8259#section-8.1
    static readonly Encoding DefaultEncoding = new UTF8Encoding(false);

    public static void SerializeToFileCompressed(object value, string path, JsonSerializerSettings settings = null)
    {
        using (var fs = new FileStream(path, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.Read))
            SerializeCompressed(value, fs, settings);
    }

    public static void SerializeCompressed(object value, Stream stream, JsonSerializerSettings settings = null)
    {
        using (var compressor = new GZipStream(stream, CompressionMode.Compress))
        using (var writer = new StreamWriter(compressor, DefaultEncoding, BufferSize))
        {
            var serializer = JsonSerializer.CreateDefault(settings);
            serializer.Serialize(writer, value);
        }
    }

    public static T DeserializeFromFileCompressed<T>(string path, JsonSerializerSettings settings = null)
    {
        using (var fs = new FileStream(path, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.Read))
            return DeserializeCompressed<T>(fs, settings);
    }

    public static T DeserializeCompressed<T>(Stream stream, JsonSerializerSettings settings = null)
    {
        using (var compressor = new GZipStream(stream, CompressionMode.Decompress))
        using (var reader = new StreamReader(compressor))
        using (var jsonReader = new JsonTextReader(reader))
        {
            var serializer = JsonSerializer.CreateDefault(settings);
            return serializer.Deserialize<T>(jsonReader);
        }
    }
}

请参阅性能提示:优化内存使用Json.NET 文档.

See Performance Tips: Optimize Memory Usage in the Json.NET documentation.

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