如何扩展输出显示以查看 Pandas DataFrame 的更多列?

How do I expand the output display to see more columns of a Pandas DataFrame?(如何扩展输出显示以查看 Pandas DataFrame 的更多列?)

问题描述

有没有办法在交互式或脚本执行模式下扩大输出的显示范围?

具体来说，我在 Pandas DataFrame 上使用 describe() 函数.当 DataFrame 为五列(标签)宽时，我得到了我想要的描述性统计信息.但是，如果 DataFrame 有更多列，则统计信息将被抑制并返回如下内容:

>>索引:8 个条目，计数到最大值>>数据列:>>x1 8 个非空值>>x2 8 个非空值>>x3 8 个非空值>>x4 8 个非空值>>x5 8 个非空值>>x6 8 个非空值>>x7 8 个非空值

8"无论是 6 列还是 7 列，都会给出值.8"是什么意思?参考?

我已经尝试将

Is there a way to widen the display of output in either interactive or script-execution mode?

Specifically, I am using the describe() function on a Pandas DataFrame. When the DataFrame is five columns (labels) wide, I get the descriptive statistics that I want. However, if the DataFrame has any more columns, the statistics are suppressed and something like this is returned:

>> Index: 8 entries, count to max
>> Data columns:
>> x1          8  non-null values
>> x2          8  non-null values
>> x3          8  non-null values
>> x4          8  non-null values
>> x5          8  non-null values
>> x6          8  non-null values
>> x7          8  non-null values

The "8" value is given whether there are 6 or 7 columns. What does the "8" refer to?

I have already tried dragging the IDLE window larger, as well as increasing the "Configure IDLE" width options, to no avail.

My purpose in using Pandas and describe() is to avoid using a second program like Stata to do basic data manipulation and investigation.

Update: Pandas 0.23.4 onwards

This is not necessary. Pandas autodetects the size of your terminal window if you set pd.options.display.width = 0. (For older versions see at bottom.)

pandas.set_printoptions(...) is deprecated. Instead, use pandas.set_option(optname, val), or equivalently pd.options.<opt.hierarchical.name> = val. Like:

import pandas as pd
pd.set_option('display.max_rows', 500)
pd.set_option('display.max_columns', 500)
pd.set_option('display.width', 1000)

Here is the help for set_option:

set_option(pat,value) - Sets the value of the specified option

Available options:
display.[chop_threshold, colheader_justify, column_space, date_dayfirst,
         date_yearfirst, encoding, expand_frame_repr, float_format, height,
         line_width, max_columns, max_colwidth, max_info_columns, max_info_rows,
         max_rows, max_seq_items, mpl_style, multi_sparse, notebook_repr_html,
         pprint_nest_depth, precision, width]
mode.[sim_interactive, use_inf_as_null]

Parameters
----------
pat - str/regexp which should match a single option.

Note: partial matches are supported for convenience, but unless you use the
full option name (e.g., *x.y.z.option_name*), your code may break in future
versions if new options with similar names are introduced.

value - new value of option.

Returns
-------
None

Raises
------
KeyError if no such option exists

display.chop_threshold: [default: None] [currently: None]
: float or None
        if set to a float value, all float values smaller then the given threshold
        will be displayed as exactly 0 by repr and friends.
display.colheader_justify: [default: right] [currently: right]
: 'left'/'right'
        Controls the justification of column headers. used by DataFrameFormatter.
display.column_space: [default: 12] [currently: 12]No description available.

display.date_dayfirst: [default: False] [currently: False]
: boolean
        When True, prints and parses dates with the day first, eg 20/01/2005
display.date_yearfirst: [default: False] [currently: False]
: boolean
        When True, prints and parses dates with the year first, e.g., 2005/01/20
display.encoding: [default: UTF-8] [currently: UTF-8]
: str/unicode
        Defaults to the detected encoding of the console.
        Specifies the encoding to be used for strings returned by to_string,
        these are generally strings meant to be displayed on the console.
display.expand_frame_repr: [default: True] [currently: True]
: boolean
        Whether to print out the full DataFrame repr for wide DataFrames
        across multiple lines, `max_columns` is still respected, but the output will
        wrap-around across multiple "pages" if it's width exceeds `display.width`.
display.float_format: [default: None] [currently: None]
: callable
        The callable should accept a floating point number and return
        a string with the desired format of the number. This is used
        in some places like SeriesFormatter.
        See core.format.EngFormatter for an example.
display.height: [default: 60] [currently: 1000]
: int
        Deprecated.
        (Deprecated, use `display.height` instead.)

display.line_width: [default: 80] [currently: 1000]
: int
        Deprecated.
        (Deprecated, use `display.width` instead.)

display.max_columns: [default: 20] [currently: 500]
: int
        max_rows and max_columns are used in __repr__() methods to decide if
        to_string() or info() is used to render an object to a string.  In case
        python/IPython is running in a terminal this can be set to 0 and Pandas
        will correctly auto-detect the width the terminal and swap to a smaller
        format in case all columns would not fit vertically. The IPython notebook,
        IPython qtconsole, or IDLE do not run in a terminal and hence it is not
        possible to do correct auto-detection.
        'None' value means unlimited.
display.max_colwidth: [default: 50] [currently: 50]
: int
        The maximum width in characters of a column in the repr of
        a Pandas data structure. When the column overflows, a "..."
        placeholder is embedded in the output.
display.max_info_columns: [default: 100] [currently: 100]
: int
        max_info_columns is used in DataFrame.info method to decide if
        per column information will be printed.
display.max_info_rows: [default: 1690785] [currently: 1690785]
: int or None
        max_info_rows is the maximum number of rows for which a frame will
        perform a null check on its columns when repr'ing To a console.
        The default is 1,000,000 rows. So, if a DataFrame has more
        1,000,000 rows there will be no null check performed on the
        columns and thus the representation will take much less time to
        display in an interactive session. A value of None means always
        perform a null check when repr'ing.
display.max_rows: [default: 60] [currently: 500]
: int
        This sets the maximum number of rows Pandas should output when printing
        out various output. For example, this value determines whether the repr()
        for a dataframe prints out fully or just a summary repr.
        'None' value means unlimited.
display.max_seq_items: [default: None] [currently: None]
: int or None

        when pretty-printing a long sequence, no more then `max_seq_items`
        will be printed. If items are ommitted, they will be denoted by the addition
        of "..." to the resulting string.

        If set to None, the number of items to be printed is unlimited.
display.mpl_style: [default: None] [currently: None]
: bool

        Setting this to 'default' will modify the rcParams used by matplotlib
        to give plots a more pleasing visual style by default.
        Setting this to None/False restores the values to their initial value.
display.multi_sparse: [default: True] [currently: True]
: boolean
        "sparsify" MultiIndex display (don't display repeated
        elements in outer levels within groups)
display.notebook_repr_html: [default: True] [currently: True]
: boolean
        When True, IPython notebook will use html representation for
        Pandas objects (if it is available).
display.pprint_nest_depth: [default: 3] [currently: 3]
: int
        Controls the number of nested levels to process when pretty-printing
display.precision: [default: 7] [currently: 7]
: int
        Floating point output precision (number of significant digits). This is
        only a suggestion
display.width: [default: 80] [currently: 1000]
: int
        Width of the display in characters. In case python/IPython is running in
        a terminal this can be set to None and Pandas will correctly auto-detect the
        width.
        Note that the IPython notebook, IPython qtconsole, or IDLE do not run in a
        terminal and hence it is not possible to correctly detect the width.
mode.sim_interactive: [default: False] [currently: False]
: boolean
        Whether to simulate interactive mode for purposes of testing
mode.use_inf_as_null: [default: False] [currently: False]
: boolean
        True means treat None, NaN, INF, -INF as null (old way),
        False means None and NaN are null, but INF, -INF are not null
        (new way).
Call def:   pd.set_option(self, *args, **kwds)

Older version information. Much of this has been deprecated.

As @bmu mentioned, Pandas auto detects (by default) the size of the display area, a summary view will be used when an object repr does not fit on the display. You mentioned resizing the IDLE window, to no effect. If you do print df.describe().to_string() does it fit on the IDLE window?

The terminal size is determined by pandas.util.terminal.get_terminal_size() (deprecated and removed), this returns a tuple containing the (width, height) of the display. Does the output match the size of your IDLE window? There might be an issue (there was one before when running a terminal in Emacs).

Note that it is possible to bypass the autodetect, pandas.set_printoptions(max_rows=200, max_columns=10) will never switch to summary view if number of rows, columns does not exceed the given limits.

The 'max_colwidth' option helps in seeing untruncated form of each column.

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